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⊟Summary[edit | edit source]

  • pan ID?: SAUPAN004239000
  • symbol?: relA
  • synonym:
  • description?: bifunctional (p)ppGpp synthetase/guanosine-3',5'-bis(diphosphate) 3'-pyrophosphohydrolase

      descriptions from strain specific annotations:

    • bifunctional (p)ppGpp synthetase/guanosine-3',5'-bis(diphosphate) 3'-pyrophosphohydrolase
    • GTP pyrophosphokinase
    • GTP pyrophosphokinase (ATP:GTP 3'-pyrophosphotransferase)(ppGpp synthetase I) ((p)ppGpp synthetase)
    • GTP pyrophosphokinase, (p)ppGpp synthetase I
    • GTP diphosphokinase
    • GTP pyrophosphokinase, (p)ppGpp synthetase I, RelA
  • strand?: -
  • coordinates?: 4484268..4486457
  • synteny block?: BlockID0032670
  • occurrence?: in 100% of 34 strains

rel : bifunctional stringent response alarmone pyrophosphokinase / pyrophosphohydrolase [1]

• A crystal structure is available : 7OIW

The stringent response alarmones pGpp, ppGpp and pppGpp are synthesized from GTP by rel, relP and relQ. Of these, only Rel contains both synthesis (pyrophosphokinase) and degradative (pyrophosphohydrolase) activities. When bound to stalled ribosomes, Rel sharply increases its kinase activity and induces the stringent response. In the absence of stalled ribosome binding, Rel dimerizes, deactivating its kinase domain and exposing its pp(p)Gpp-hydrolyzing domain.

⊟Orthologs[edit | edit source]

    COL:
    SACOL1689 (relA2)
    N315:
    SA1460 (relA)
    NCTC8325:
    SAOUHSC_01742
    Newman:
    NWMN_1536 (relA)
    USA300_FPR3757:
    SAUSA300_1590
    04-02981:
    SA2981_1592 (relA)
    08BA02176:
    C248_1677 (relA)
    11819-97:
    MS7_1649 (relA)
    6850:
    RSAU_001495 (relA)
    71193:
    ST398NM01_1697
    ECT-R 2:
    ECTR2_1482
    ED133:
    SAOV_1631 (relA)
    ED98:
    SAAV_1627 (relA2)
    HO 5096 0412:
    SAEMRSA15_15510 (relA)
    JH1:
    SaurJH1_1724
    JH9:
    SaurJH9_1691
    JKD6008:
    SAA6008_01603 (relA)
    JKD6159:
    SAA6159_01566 (relA)
    JSNZ:
    JSNZ_001624
    LGA251:
    SARLGA251_15360 (relA)
    M013:
    M013TW_1654
    MRSA252:
    SAR1714 (relA)
    MSHR1132:
    SAMSHR1132_14700
    MSSA476:
    SAS1570
    Mu3:
    SAHV_1621 (relA)
    Mu50:
    SAV1634 (relA)
    MW2:
    MW1584 (relA)
    RF122:
    SAB1503c (relA)
    ST398:
    SAPIG1697
    T0131:
    SAT0131_01733
    TCH60:
    HMPREF0772_11508 (relA)
    TW20:
    SATW20_16280 (relA)
    USA300_TCH1516:
    USA300HOU_1632 (relA2)
    VC40:
    SAVC_07415

⊟Genome Viewer[edit | edit source]

COL
N315
NCTC8325
Newman
USA300_FPR3757

⊟Alignments[edit | edit source]

  • alignment of orthologues:
    CLUSTAL format alignment by MAFFT L-INS-i (v7.307)


    COL             -------MNNEYPYSADEVLHKAKSYLSADEYEYVLKSYHIAYEAHKGQFRKNGLPYIMH
    N315            -------MNNEYPYSADEVLHKAKSYLSADEYEYVLKSYHIAYEAHKGQFRKNGLPYIMH
    NCTC8325        -------MNNEYPYSADEVLHKAKSYLSADEYEYVLKSYHIAYEAHKGQFRKNGLPYIMH
    Newman          MNGVYHIMNNEYPYSADEVLHKAKSYLSADEYEYVLKSYHIAYEAHKGQFRKNGLPYIMH
    USA300_FPR3757  MNGVYHIMNNEYPYSADEVLHKAKSYLSADEYEYVLKSYHIAYEAHKGQFRKNGLPYIMH
                           *****************************************************

    COL             PIQVAGILTEMRLDGPTIVAGFLHDVIEDTPYTFEDVKEMFNEEVARIVDGVTKLKKVKY
    N315            PIQVAGILTEMRLDGPTIVAGFLHDVIEDTPYTFEDVKEMFNEEVARIVDGVTKLKKVKY
    NCTC8325        PIQVAGILTEMRLDGPTIVAGFLHDVIEDTPYTFEDVKEMFNEEVARIVDGVTKLKKVKY
    Newman          PIQVAGILTEMRLDGPTIVAGFLHDVIEDTPYTFEDVKEMFNEEVARIVDGVTKLKKVKY
    USA300_FPR3757  PIQVAGILTEMRLDGPTIVAGFLHDVIEDTPYTFEDVKEMFNEEVARIVDGVTKLKKVKY
                    ************************************************************

    COL             RSKEEQQAENHRKLFIAIAKDVRVILVKLADRLHNMRTLKAMPREKQIRISRETLEIYAP
    N315            RSKEEQQAENHRKLFIAIAKDVRVILVKLADRLHNMRTLKAMPREKQIRISRETLEIYAP
    NCTC8325        RSKEEQQAENHRKLFIAIAKDVRVILVKLADRLHNMRTLKAMPREKQIRISRETLEIYAP
    Newman          RSKEEQQAENHRKLFIAIAKDVRVILVKLADRLHNMRTLKAMPREKQIRISRETLEIYAP
    USA300_FPR3757  RSKEEQQAENHRKLFIAIAKDVRVILVKLADRLHNMRTLKAMPREKQIRISRETLEIYAP
                    ************************************************************

    COL             LAHRLGINTIKWELEDTALRYIDNVQYFRIVNLMKKKRSEREAYIETAIDRIRTEMDRMN
    N315            LAHRLGINTIKWELEDTALRYIDNVQYFRIVNLMKKKRSEREAYIETAIDRIRTEMDRMN
    NCTC8325        LAHRLGINTIKWELEDTALRYIDNVQYFRIVNLMKKKRSEREAYIETAIDRIRTEMDRMN
    Newman          LAHRLGINTIKWELEDTALRYIDNVQYFRIVNLMKKKRSEREAYIETAIDRIRTEMDRMN
    USA300_FPR3757  LAHRLGINTIKWELEDTALRYIDNVQYFRIVNLMKKKRSEREAYIETAIDRIRTEMDRMN
                    ************************************************************

    COL             IEGDINGRPKHIYSIYRKMMKQKKQFDQIFDLLAIRVIVNSINDCYAILGLVHTLWKPMP
    N315            IEGDINGRPKHIYSIYRKMMKQKKQFDQIFDLLAIRVIVNSINDCYAILGLVHTLWKPMP
    NCTC8325        IEGDINGRPKHIYSIYRKMMKQKKQFDQIFDLLAIRVIVNSINDCYAILGLVHTLWKPMP
    Newman          IEGDINGRPKHIYSIYRKMMKQKKQFDQIFDLLAIRVIVNSINDCYAILGLVHTLWKPMP
    USA300_FPR3757  IEGDINGRPKHIYSIYRKMMKQKKQFDQIFDLLAIRVIVNSINDCYAILGLVHTLWKPMP
                    ************************************************************

    COL             GRFKDYIAMPKQNLYQSLHTTVVGPNGDPLEIQIRTFDMHEIAEHGVAAHWAYKEGKKVS
    N315            GRFKDYIAMPKQNLYQSLHTTVVGPNGDPLEIQIRTFDMHEIAEHGVAAHWAYKEGKKVS
    NCTC8325        GRFKDYIAMPKQNLYQSLHTTVVGPNGDPLEIQIRTFDMHEIAEHGVAAHWAYKEGKKVS
    Newman          GRFKDYIAMPKQNLYQSLHTTVVGPNGDPLEIQIRTFDMHEIAEHGVAAHWAYKEGKKVS
    USA300_FPR3757  GRFKDYIAMPKQNLYQSLHTTVVGPNGDPLEIQIRTFDMHEIAEHGVAAHWAYKEGKKVS
                    ************************************************************

    COL             EKDQTYQNKLNWLKELAEADHTSSDAQEFMETLKYDLQSDKVYAFTPASDVIELPYGAVP
    N315            EKDQTYQNKLNWLKELAEADHTSSDAQEFMETLKYDLQSDKVYAFTPASDVIELPYGAVP
    NCTC8325        EKDQTYQNKLNWLKELAEADHTSSDAQEFMETLKYDLQSDKVYAFTPASDVIELPYGAVP
    Newman          EKDQTYQNKLNWLKELAEADHTSSDAQEFMETLKYDLQSDKVYAFTPASDVIELPYGAVP
    USA300_FPR3757  EKDQTYQNKLNWLKELAEADHTSSDAQEFMETLKYDLQSDKVYAFTPASDVIELPYGAVP
                    ************************************************************

    COL             IDFAYAIHSEVGNKMIGAKVNGKIVPIDYILQTGDIVEIRTSKHSYGPSRDWLKIVKSSS
    N315            IDFAYAIHSEVGNKMIGAKVNGKIVPIDYILQTGDIVEIRTSKHSYGPSRDWLKIVKSSS
    NCTC8325        IDFAYAIHSEVGNKMIGAKVNGKIVPIDYILQTGDIVEIRTSKHSYGPSRDWLKIVKSSS
    Newman          IDFAYAIHSEVGNKMIGAKVNGKIVPIDYILQTGDIVEIRTSKHSYGPSRDWLKIVKSSS
    USA300_FPR3757  IDFAYAIHSEVGNKMIGAKVNGKIVPIDYILQTGDIVEIRTSKHSYGPSRDWLKIVKSSS
                    ************************************************************

    COL             AKGKIKSFFKKQDRSSNIEKGRMMVEAEIKEQGFRVEDILTEKNIQVVNEKYNFANEDDL
    N315            AKGKIKSFFKKQDRSSNIEKGRMMVEVEIKEQGFRVEDILTEKNIQVVNEKYNFANEDDL
    NCTC8325        AKGKIKSFFKKQDRSSNIEKGRMMVEAEIKEQGFRVEDILTEKNIQVVNEKYNFANEDDL
    Newman          AKGKIKSFFKKQDRSSNIEKGRMMVEAEIKEQGFRVEDILTEKNIQVVNEKYNFANEDDL
    USA300_FPR3757  AKGKIKSFFKKQDRSSNIEKGRMMVEAEIKEQGFRVEDILTEKNIQVVNEKYNFANEDDL
                    **************************.*********************************

    COL             FAAVGFGGVTSLQIVNKLTERQRILDKQRALNEAQEVTKSLPIKDNIITDSGVYVEGLEN
    N315            FAAVGFGGVTSLQIVNKLTERQRILDKQRALNEAQEVTKSLPIKDNIITDSGVYVEGLEN
    NCTC8325        FAAVGFGGVTSLQIVNKLTERQRILDKQRALNEAQEVTKSLPIKDNIITDSGVYVEGLEN
    Newman          FAAVGFGGVTSLQIVNKLTERQRILDKQRALNEAQEVTKSLPIKDNIITDSGVYVEGLEN
    USA300_FPR3757  FAAVGFGGVTSLQIVNKLTERQRILDKQRALNEAQEVTKSLPIKDNIITDSGVYVEGLEN
                    ************************************************************

    COL             VLIKLSKCCNPIPGDDIVGYITKGHGIKVHRTDCPNIKNETERLINVEWVKSKDATQKYQ
    N315            VLIKLSKCCNPIPGDDIVGYITKGHGIKVHRTDCPNIKNETERLINVEWVKSKDATQKYQ
    NCTC8325        VLIKLSKCCNPIPGDDIVGYITKGHGIKVHRTDCPNIKNETERLINVEWVKSKDATQKYQ
    Newman          VLIKLSKCCNPIPGDDIVGYITKGHGIKVHRTDCPNIKNETERLINVEWVKSKDATQKYQ
    USA300_FPR3757  VLIKLSKCCNPIPGDDIVGYITKGHGIKVHRTDCPNIKNETERLINVEWVKSKDATQKYQ
                    ************************************************************

    COL             VDLEVTAYDRNGLLNEVLQAVSSTAGNLIKVSGRSDIDKNAIINISVMVKNVNDVYRVVE
    N315            VDLEVTAYDRNGLLNEVLQAVSSTAGNLIKVSGRSDIDKNAIINISVMVKNVNDVYRVVE
    NCTC8325        VDLEVTAYDRNGLLNEVLQAVSSTAGNLIKVSGRSDIDKNAIINISVMVKNVNDVYRVVE
    Newman          VDLEVTAYDRNGLLNEVLQAVSSTAGNLIKVSGRSDIDKNAIINISVMVKNVNDVYRVVE
    USA300_FPR3757  VDLEVTAYDRNGLLNEVLQAVSSTAGNLIKVSGRSDIDKNAIINISVMVKNVNDVYRVVE
                    ************************************************************

    COL             KIKQLGDVYTVTRVWN
    N315            KIKQLGDVYTVTRVWN
    NCTC8325        KIKQLGDVYTVTRVWN
    Newman          KIKQLGDVYTVTRVWN
    USA300_FPR3757  KIKQLGDVYTVTRVWN
                    ****************

  1. ↑ Hiraku Takada, Mohammad Roghanian, Julien Caballero-Montes, Katleen Van Nerom, Steffi Jimmy, Pavel Kudrin, Fabio Trebini, Rikinori Murayama, Genki Akanuma, Abel Garcia-Pino, Vasili Hauryliuk
    Ribosome association primes the stringent factor Rel for tRNA-dependent locking in the A-site and activation of (p)ppGpp synthesis.
    Nucleic Acids Res: 2021, 49(1);444-457
    [PubMed:33330919] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)    Patrick Pausch, Maha Abdelshahid, Wieland Steinchen, Heinrich Schäfer, Fabio Lino Gratani, Sven-Andreas Freibert, Christiane Wolz, Kürşad Turgay, Daniel N Wilson, Gert Bange
    Structural Basis for Regulation of the Opposing (p)ppGpp Synthetase and Hydrolase within the Stringent Response Orchestrator Rel.
    Cell Rep: 2020, 32(11);108157
    [PubMed:32937119] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)    Ashley T Deventer, Duncan Bryson, Mathew Shortill, Alisdair B Boraston, Joanne K Hobbs
    Molecular Characterization of Clinical Rel Mutations and Consequences for Resistance Expression and Fitness in Staphylococcus aureus.
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother: 2022, 66(12);e0093822
    [PubMed:36346240] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)
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